ear lobe gases

Introduction to ELCBG Measurement
Movement of O₂ and CO₂
The journey in the blood
Gas solubility and binding to Haemoglobin
Why the earlobe?
Gas exchange terminology
Oxyhaemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Acid-Base Balance
The Henderson Hasselbalch equation
Indications and Contraindications of ELCBGs
Safe Sampling
Patient consent
PaO₂, PaCO₂ and pH electrodes
Maintenance of a blood gas analyser
Three phases of patient sampling
Guidelines and Protocols of ELCBGs
Test preparation
Equipment required to perform an ELCBG
The Analytic Phase
Collecting the blood sample
Puncturing the earlobe
The Post-Analytic Phase
Quality Assurance Procedures
Test sensitivity
Earlobe Capillary Blood Gases (ELCBGs)
Arterial blood gas measurement
Pulse oximetry
Transcutaneous measurements
Normal Values
pH Normal Range
PaO₂ Normal Range
PaCO₂ Normal Range
SaO₂ Normal Range
Base Excess Normal Range
HCO₃^– Normal Range
SpO₂ Normal Range
Fractional Inspired Oxygen Concentration
Compensatory mechanisms for acid-base imbalance
Respiratory and Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis
Respiratory abnormalities
Type I Respiratory Failure
Type II Respiratory Failure
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Metabolic Abnormalities
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Advanced Interpretation Algorithm (branch 3)
Advanced Interpretation Algorithm (branch 2)
Advanced Interpretation Algorithm (branch 1)
Oxygen partial pressure, saturation of haemoglobin and inspired oxygen